As temperatures rise across Indonesia and other tropical regions, more people are finding themselves battling intense headaches and migraines. In information collected by pafikutaikab.org doctors say that hot weather can trigger vascular and neurological changes in the body, leading to what some call “migraine season.” Understanding how heat affects the brain and how to prevent these headaches — is key to staying healthy during long, sunny days.
Why Hot Weather Triggers Migraines
According to Dr. Fadilah Mahendra, a neurologist at Siloam Hospitals, migraines occur when blood vessels in the brain dilate, causing inflammation and pain signals to activate. “High temperatures cause the body to lose fluids and electrolytes faster through sweating,” he explains. “This dehydration can lead to changes in blood flow and trigger migraine attacks.”
In addition, exposure to bright sunlight, high humidity, and fluctuating air pressure can stress the nervous system. The brain’s serotonin levels — chemicals that help regulate mood and pain — may also fluctuate with heat and dehydration, making migraine-prone individuals more sensitive to weather changes.
“Heat doesn’t just affect your body; it affects your brain chemistry,” says Dr. Fadilah. “That’s why some people experience migraines even without obvious physical exertion.”
The Role of Dehydration and Lifestyle
Dehydration is one of the strongest predictors of heat-related migraines. When the body lacks water, blood volume decreases, reducing oxygen flow to the brain. This triggers headaches, dizziness, and sometimes nausea. Skipping meals, consuming excessive caffeine, or not sleeping well during hot nights can make symptoms worse.
Doctors recommend drinking at least 2 to 2.5 liters of water per day, and more if you spend time outdoors. Electrolyte-rich drinks or coconut water can also help maintain hydration balance. “It’s not enough to drink when you feel thirsty,” Dr. Fadilah warns. “By the time thirst hits, your body is already dehydrated.”
Sunlight, Heat, and Sensory Sensitivity
Bright sunlight and glare are common migraine triggers. Intense light stimulates the optic nerve and overactivates brain regions involved in pain perception. To reduce exposure, doctors suggest wearing UV-protected sunglasses and wide-brimmed hats when outdoors.
Air-conditioned environments can also be a double-edged sword — while they help cool the body, sudden temperature changes between outdoor heat and indoor cold can shock the system and provoke headaches. Experts recommend keeping indoor temperatures moderate and consistent.
Practical Prevention Tips
To minimize the risk of heat-related migraines, neurologists recommend the following strategies:
- Stay hydrated — Sip water throughout the day, not just during meals.
- Avoid direct sunlight — Limit outdoor activity during peak heat hours (10 a.m. to 3 p.m.).
- Eat regularly — Low blood sugar can intensify migraine symptoms.
- Use cold compresses — Apply a cool towel or ice pack to the forehead or neck to constrict blood vessels.
- Manage stress — Practice relaxation techniques like deep breathing or mindfulness, as stress often compounds migraine pain.
- Monitor triggers — Keep a journal of migraine occurrences to identify patterns related to temperature, diet, or sleep.
When to Seek Medical Help
If headaches occur frequently or interfere with daily activities, doctors advise consulting a neurologist. “Recurrent migraines may indicate a deeper vascular or hormonal imbalance,” Dr. Fadilah notes. “Proper diagnosis and preventive medication can significantly improve quality of life.”
The Takeaway
As global temperatures continue to climb, migraine sufferers must adapt to new environmental challenges. Staying hydrated, avoiding extreme heat, and maintaining a healthy routine can help reduce migraine frequency.
“Your brain is as sensitive to climate as your skin,” Dr. Fadilah concludes. “Protect it from the heat and it will reward you with clearer, pain-free days.”Source: https://pafikutaikab.org/
